Chemotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer
Chemotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer may be given chemotherapy to slow down the growth of cancer that has spread to nearby structures, such as the blood vessels around the pancreas. This may shrink the cancer and can also help with symptoms (1,2). Chemoradiotherapy may also be offered to patients with locally advanced disease.
For a small number of people, it may shrink the cancer enough to make surgery possible (3,4).
| NICE guidelines recommend that combination chemotherapy should be considered for patients who are well enough to tolerate it and gemcitabine should be considered for those who aren’t well enough to tolerate combination chemotherapy (5). |
Chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer
Patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer may be given chemotherapy to slow progression. Chemotherapy may help to control the cancer, and help with symptoms, though it won’t cure the cancer (6-11).
People with metastatic pancreatic cancer and an ECOG* performance status of 0 to 1 should be offered FOLFIRINOX (12). Gemcitabine combination therapy should be considered for people who are not well enough to tolerate FOLFIRINOX, and single a
gent gemcitabine for those not well enough to tolerate combination chemotherapy (12).
*The ECOG Scale of Performance Status describes a patient’s level of functioning in terms of their ability to care for themselves, daily activity, and physical ability grades. The grades are from 0 – 5, with lower numbers reflecting better functional status. Grades and definitions are available at https://oncologypro.esmo.org/oncology-in-practice/practice-tools/performance-scales
References
- The NHS Website. Treatment: Pancreatic cancer. [online]. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pancreatic-cancer/treatment/ [Accessed March 2019].
- Lahoud MJ, Kourie HR, Antoun J, El Osta L, Ghosn M. Road map for pain management in pancreatic cancer: A review. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2016;8(8):599-606.
- Laurence JM, Duy Tran P, Morarji K, Eslick GD, Wai To Lam V, Sandroussi C. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Survival and Surgical Outcomes Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer. J Gastrointest Surg. 2011;15:2059–2069. DOI 10.1007/s11605-011-1659-7
- Klaiber U, Leonhardt C, Strobel O, Tjaden C, Hakcert T and Neoptolemos. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Langenbeck’s Archives of Surgery. 2018: 1-16. doi.org/10.1007/s00423-018-1724-8
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Pancreatic cancer in adults: diagnosis and management. NICE Guideline NG85. 2018. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng85/chapter/Context [Accessed 2 September 2021]
- Teague A, Lim K-H and Wang-Gillam. Advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a review of current treatment strategies and developing therapies. Therapeutic Adv Mol Oncol. 2015; 7(2): 68-84.
- Ghosn M, Ibrahim T, Assi T, Rassy EE, Kourie H and Kattan J. Dilemma of first line in metastatic pancreatic cancer. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2016; 22(46): 10124-10130.
- A. Kristensena, O.M. Vagnildhauga, B.H. Grønberga, S. Kaasaa, B. Lairda, T.S. Solheima. Does chemotherapy improve health-related quality of life in advanced pancreatic cancer? A systematic review dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.01.006
- Gillian K Gresham, George A Wells, Sharlene Gill, Christopher Cameron and Derek J Jonker. Chemotherapy regimens for advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC Cancer201414:471. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-471
- Rosella Spadi, Federica Brusa, Agostino Ponzetti, Isabella Chiappino, Nadia Birocco, Libero Ciuffreda, and Maria Antonietta Satolli. Current therapeutic strategies for advanced pancreatic cancer. World J Clin Oncol. 2016 Feb 10; 7(1): 27–43.
- Gourgou-Bourgade S, Bascoul-Mollevi C, Desseigne F, Ychou M, Bouche´O, Guimbaud R. Impact of FOLFIRINOX Compared With Gemcitabine on Quality of Life in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: Results From the PRODIGE 4/ACCORD 11 Randomized Trial. Journal of clinical oncology. 2013;31(1):23-29.
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Pancreatic cancer in adults: diagnosis and management. NICE Guideline NG85. 2018. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng85/chapter/Recommendations#managing-unresectable-pancreatic-cancer [Accessed 2 September 2021]